Entrepreneurship in Islamic Perspective

 Nama : Amaliyatul Hidayah Rofiq

NIM : 220610292103520003

This post is dedicated for PBKS Subject 

Entrepreneurship in Islamic Perspective

Entrepreneurship is an activity that will not be timeless and civilizational, both from the time before Rasulullah SAW was appointed as a Prophet until now, in the era of "society 5.0," where all activities are oriented towards technological progress. The existence of globalization and changes towards a better life through technology do not make entrepreneurship an old-fashioned thing to do; instead, more and more people are starting to do it. Not because they don't have a job, but because they have the desire and ability to benefit themselves and the environment around them.

 What is entrepreneurship? Before we go into the next discussion, let's define exactly what is meant by "entrepreneurship." Burgess (1993) defines entrepreneurship as "someone who manages, organizes, and dares to take all the risks in creating new businesses and business opportunities." Derived from the word "entrepreneurship," it can give birth to an output, namely entrepreneurs or entrepreneurs, of which at the present time many young entrepreneurs have emerged who have been successful with their start-ups and businesses.

Similarly, the Islamic religion encourages all Muslims to become entrepreneurs. If a straight line is drawn, the Prophet Muhammad SAW is the role model in the world of entrepreneurship. He has been involved in the business world since before receiving revelations and has become an accomplished businessman who is trusted by the Arab community as the leader of the merchant community in Arabia. 

One part of entrepreneurship is, as an entrepreneur, of course, carrying out trading activities. Not only do our people enjoy these activities, but Allah SWT advises every Muslim to be self-sufficient as a trader. Even an entrepreneur gets a more special place than other jobs.

يسأله ما كل عن ويجيبه وسلم عليه الله صلى يأتي أن إبليس تعالى اللهأمر

Meaning: "One day Allah ordered the Devil to come to the Prophet Muhammad SAW and answer all the questions raised by him."

 From Syekh Ihsan M Dahlan Jampes, Sijuang Talibin ala Minhajil Abidin [Indonesia, Daru Ihyail Kutubil Arabiyyah: without record of year], chapter I, page 280, it is narrated that the Messenger of Allah asked the devil, "What did you come for?" said the Prophet Muhammad SAW. "God ordered me to come and answer all the questions you asked me," replied the devil. "Yes, O creatures cursed by Allah, how many enemies are you from among the my ummath?" asked the Prophet Muhammad. "Fifteen," said the Devil, immediately mentioning the details of the number. First and foremost, you (Prophet Muhammad SAW). Second, a fair leader Third, the humble rich man Fourth, honest businessmen Fifth, pious people who try to be solemn. Sixth, sincere believers Seventh, a believer who has a compassionate heart. Eighth, istiqamah (repentant) people Ninth, people who are cautious (wara') of illegal goods. The tenth is a believer who performs ablution. Eleventh, believers who give a lot of alms Twelve: a believer who is kind in his interactions with others. Thirteenth, a believer who helps others. Fourteenth, the memorizer of the Qur'an who always recites it. 15th, those who are tahajud when others are sad. 

This is because being a trader is one of the most noble and important jobs as long as it is carried out honestly and in accordance with the rules and does not violate the limits of Shari'ah that have been set by Allah and His Messenger in the Al-Qur'an and the Sunnah. Ash-Shahihah. Among the arguments that explain trade are: 

From Abu Sa’id Al-Khudri radhiyallahu ‘anhu, Nabi shallallahu alaihi wasallam bersabda:

التاجر الصدوق الأمين مع النبيين والصديقين والشهداء 

"Traders who are always honest and trustworthy will be with the prophets, people who are always honest and people who died martyrs." (Narrated by Tirmidhi, Kitab Al-Buyu' Chapter Ma Ja-a Fit Tijaroti no. 1130)

It's not just a job, but by trading we can become part of the group of people hated by the devil, which means we are people who, God willing, will receive the grace of Allah SWT, especially if it is done according to Islamic law. Islam always teaches the right way to do business. In Islamic business ethics, the behavior and morals of the Prophet, which are always exemplified in business practice, have always been the main basis for how to become a successful, tough, responsible, and courageous entrepreneur in facing various risks. This reveals that the Prophet Muhammad was a successful businessman who could not be separated from apprenticeships at the age of 12. His character and attitude have always been a role model for Muslims, especially in trading. If the business strategy carried out by the prophet and the characteristics inherent in the prophet become the basis for entrepreneurship, then no entrepreneur acts unjustly towards his customers, and it is hoped that all Muslim entrepreneurs will succeed in this world and the hereafter.

Being an entrepreneur also has various benefits that are in line with the life of the world and the hereafter, so that you have a connection or relationship with God and with other humans. The benefits of being an entrepreneur, namely, getting a lot of experience, will be obtained both in terms of management and knowing the characteristics of places, goods, and others, which can be of worship value because in Islam seeking knowledge and experience is highly demanded. Then the benefits of sustainability, namely the targets that have been achieved with annual growth, must be maintained so that the company can exist for a long time. Then blessings, all the goals achieved, will be meaningless if there is no blessing in them. So Islamic business places blessing as its core goal because it is a form of acceptance of all human activities. This blessing is proof that the business carried out by Muslim entrepreneurs has received the pleasure of Allah Subhanahu wa Ta'ala and is worthy of worship. There are also growth benefits, which are meant here if material and non-material profits have been achieved, and the company must strive to maintain growth so that it always increases. This improvement effort must also remain within the sharia corridor and not justify any means. The next benefit is learning to target results: material profit and non-material benefit. This means that business is not only to seek the highest possible profit (qimah madiyah or material values), but also must be able to obtain and provide non-material benefits (profits or benefits) to the company's internal and external (environment) organizations, such as creating an atmosphere of brotherhood, social care, etc. The most basic is usefulness, which is intended not only to provide material benefits but can also be non-material. Islam holds that the purpose of a deed is not only profit-oriented. There are still three other orientations, namely managers trying to provide humanitarian benefits through job opportunities, social assistance (alms), and other assistance. Noble moral values are a must and must appear in every business activity so as to create an Islamic fraternal relationship, not just a functional or professional relationship. Then the activity is used as a medium to get closer to Allah Subhanahu wa Ta'ala.